How Children Learn in Schools in the UK & Northern Ireland

Navigating the education system can sometimes feel complex. From the Early Years Foundation Stage to GCSEs and beyond, each key stage focuses on different skills and knowledge. Understanding how lessons are delivered – through whole-class teaching, group work, and hands-on learning – and how progress is assessed can help you better support your child. This guide provides a clear overview of age ranges, the National Curriculum, assessment methods, and how learning is structured, including the specific approach in Northern Ireland. By understanding the system, we can work together to help every child flourish.